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                    Introduction
            
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                    Installing More Tools
            
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                    More Exploration
            
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                    Logging in via SSH
            
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                    Transferring Files between host and VM
            
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                    Acquiring Source Code for PAs
            
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                    从一到无穷大
            
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                                <h3 id="&#x4ECE;&#x4E00;&#x5230;&#x65E0;&#x7A77;&#x5927;">&#x4ECE;&#x4E00;&#x5230;&#x65E0;&#x7A77;&#x5927;</h3>
<p>80386&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;IA-32&#x7CFB;&#x5217;&#x7684;&#x9F3B;&#x7956;, &#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x6B3E;&#x771F;&#x6B63;&#x7684;32&#x4F4D;CPU&#x67B6;&#x6784;, &#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E86;&#x5E26;&#x6709;&#x5206;&#x9875;&#x673A;&#x5236;&#x7684;&#x4FDD;&#x62A4;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;, &#x6210;&#x4E3A;&#x540E;&#x7EED;x86&#x7CFB;&#x5217;CPU&#x53D1;&#x5C55;&#x7684;&#x6846;&#x67B6;. &#x968F;&#x7740;&#x7535;&#x5B50;&#x6280;&#x672F;&#x7684;&#x53D1;&#x5C55;, &#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x9891;&#x7387;&#x8D8A;&#x6765;&#x8D8A;&#x9AD8;, &#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x673A;&#x7684;&#x901F;&#x5EA6;&#x4E5F;&#x8D8A;&#x6765;&#x8D8A;&#x5FEB;; &#x53E6;&#x4E00;&#x65B9;&#x9762;, &#x96C6;&#x6210;&#x7535;&#x8DEF;&#x7684;&#x96C6;&#x6210;&#x5EA6;&#x8D8A;&#x6765;&#x8D8A;&#x9AD8;, &#x8FD9;&#x610F;&#x5473;&#x7740;&#x540C;&#x6837;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#x7684;&#x82AF;&#x7247;&#x4E0A;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5BB9;&#x7EB3;&#x66F4;&#x591A;&#x90E8;&#x4EF6;, &#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x66F4;&#x52A0;&#x590D;&#x6742;&#x7684;&#x63A7;&#x5236;&#x903B;&#x8F91;. &#x4E8E;&#x662F;&#x5404;&#x79CD;&#x5404;&#x6837;&#x7684;&#x6280;&#x672F;&#x88AB;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x51FA;&#x6765;, &#x4ECE;<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classic_RISC_pipeline" target="_blank">&#x591A;&#x7EA7;&#x6D41;&#x6C34;&#x7EBF;</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPU_cache" target="_blank">cache</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superscalar" target="_blank">&#x8D85;&#x6807;&#x91CF;</a>, &#x5230;<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Out-of-order_execution" target="_blank">&#x4E71;&#x5E8F;&#x6267;&#x884C;</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIMD" target="_blank">SIMD</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperthread" target="_blank">&#x8D85;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;</a>... &#x6BCF;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B0;&#x540D;&#x8BCD;&#x7684;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x90FD;&#x80FD;&#x628A;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x673A;&#x7684;&#x901F;&#x5EA6;&#x5F80;&#x4E0A;&#x63A8;. &#x4EC5;&#x4EC5;&#x5C31;&#x5355;&#x6838;&#x7684;&#x4E3B;&#x9891;&#x800C;&#x8A00;, &#x5C31;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x4ECE;<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/80386" target="_blank">80386</a>&#x7684;30MHz&#x63D0;&#x5347;&#x5230;Intel Core i7&#x7684;3GHz; x86&#x7684;<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streaming_SIMD_Extensions" target="_blank">SSE</a>&#x6280;&#x672F;&#x4E5F;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x5728;15&#x5E74;&#x91CC;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x4E86;5&#x4EE3;... &#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x5728;25&#x5E74;&#x524D;&#x88AB;&#x8BA4;&#x4E3A;&#x662F;&#x5929;&#x6587;&#x6570;&#x5B57;&#x7684;4GB&#x4E5F;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x6EE1;&#x8DB3;&#x4E0D;&#x4E86;&#x4EBA;&#x7C7B;&#x7684;&#x9700;&#x6C42;&#x4E86;, &#x4E8E;&#x662F;<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86-64" target="_blank">x86-64</a>&#x6A2A;&#x7A7A;&#x51FA;&#x4E16;, &#x53C8;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#x89E3;&#x51B3;&#x4E86;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x5BB9;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x74F6;&#x9888;&#x95EE;&#x9898;; &#x968F;&#x7740;&#x9891;&#x7387;&#x7684;&#x589E;&#x52A0;, &#x5DE5;&#x827A;&#x548C;&#x6563;&#x70ED;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x9010;&#x6E10;&#x663E;&#x73B0;&#x51FA;&#x6765;, &#x8FD9;&#x610F;&#x5473;&#x7740;3GHz&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x5FEB;&#x8981;&#x5230;&#x8FBE;&#x5355;&#x6838;&#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x9891;&#x7387;&#x7684;&#x6781;&#x9650;&#x4E86;, &#x4E8E;&#x662F;<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multicore" target="_blank">&#x591A;&#x6838;</a>&#x67B6;&#x6784;&#x5E94;&#x8FD0;&#x800C;&#x751F;... &#x7136;&#x800C;<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_data" target="_blank">&#x5927;&#x6570;&#x636E;</a>&#x65F6;&#x4EE3;&#x7684;&#x6765;&#x4E34;&#x53C8;&#x7ED9;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x673A;&#x6280;&#x672F;&#x7684;&#x53D1;&#x5C55;&#x9001;&#x51FA;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x5F20;&#x6311;&#x6218;&#x4E66;: &#x636E;IBM&#x7EDF;&#x8BA1;, &#x5728;2012&#x5E74;, &#x6BCF;&#x5929;&#x5927;&#x7EA6;&#x4EA7;&#x751F;2.5EB(1EB = 10^6TB)&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;... &#x8FD9;&#x4E00;&#x5207;&#x90FD;&#x8868;&#x660E;, &#x5728;&#x6280;&#x672F;&#x548C;&#x9700;&#x6C42;&#x7684;&#x76F8;&#x4E92;&#x4F5C;&#x7528;&#x4E0B;, &#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x673A;&#x4E16;&#x754C;&#x6B63;&#x5728;&#x5F80;&#x66F4;&#x5FEB;, &#x66F4;&#x597D;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5411;&#x9AD8;&#x901F;&#x53D1;&#x5C55;. </p>
<p><div class="panel"><div class="box">PC&#x7684;&#x8DB3;&#x8FF9;</div><div class="word-in-panel"><p><a href="http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/articlelist_1685243084_7_1.html" target="_blank">PC&#x7684;&#x8DB3;&#x8FF9;</a>&#x7CFB;&#x5217;&#x535A;&#x6587;&#x5BF9;PC&#x53D1;&#x5C55;&#x53F2;&#x4F5C;&#x4E86;&#x7B80;&#x8981;&#x7684;&#x4ECB;&#x7ECD;, &#x4E0A;&#x6587;&#x63D0;&#x5230;&#x7684;&#x5927;&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#x672F;&#x8BED;&#x90FD;&#x6DB5;&#x76D6;&#x5176;&#x4E2D;, &#x611F;&#x5174;&#x8DA3;&#x7684;&#x540C;&#x5B66;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728;&#x8336;&#x4F59;&#x996D;&#x540E;&#x9605;&#x8BFB;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;. &#x53E6;&#x5916;<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86#Chronology" target="_blank">&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;</a>&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x5F20;x86&#x7CFB;&#x5217;&#x53D1;&#x5C55;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x8868;, &#x5728;&#x4E86;&#x89E3;&#x5404;&#x79CD;&#x6280;&#x672F;&#x7684;&#x540C;&#x65F6;, &#x4E0D;&#x59A8;&#x4E86;&#x89E3;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x4EE3;&#x80CC;&#x666F;.</p>
</div></div></p>
<p>&#x53E6;&#x4E00;&#x65B9;&#x9762;, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8086" target="_blank">8086</a>&#x867D;&#x7136;&#x662F;x86&#x7CFB;&#x5217;&#x7684;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x6B3E;&#x4EA7;&#x54C1;, &#x4F46;&#x5374;&#x5E76;&#x4E0D;&#x662F;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x673A;&#x53D1;&#x5C55;&#x53F2;&#x7684;&#x6E90;&#x5934;. &#x5728;8086&#x4E4B;&#x524D;, &#x6709;<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8080" target="_blank">8080</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8008" target="_blank">8008</a>, &#x751A;&#x81F3;&#x66F4;&#x65E9;&#x7684;<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_4040" target="_blank">4040</a>&#x548C;<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4004" target="_blank">4004</a>... &#x4EE5;&#x53CA;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x53F0;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x673A;<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eniac" target="_blank">ENIAC</a>. &#x5982;&#x679C;&#x4F60;&#x613F;&#x610F;&#x7A81;&#x7834;&#x786C;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x969C;&#x58C1;, &#x4F60;&#x8FD8;&#x80FD;&#x7EE7;&#x7EED;&#x5F80;&#x524D;&#x8FFD;&#x6EAF;: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Von_Neumann_architecture" target="_blank">&#x51AF;&#x8BFA;&#x4F9D;&#x66FC;&#x4F53;&#x7CFB;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turing_machine" target="_blank">&#x56FE;&#x7075;&#x673A;</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_theory" target="_blank">&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x7406;&#x8BBA;</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_logic" target="_blank">&#x6570;&#x7406;&#x903B;&#x8F91;</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boolean_algebra" target="_blank">&#x5E03;&#x5C14;&#x4EE3;&#x6570;</a>...</p>
<p>&quot;&#x4E00;&quot;&#x7A76;&#x7ADF;&#x8D77;&#x6E90;&#x4E8E;&#x4F55;&#x5904;? &quot;&#x65E0;&#x7A77;&quot;&#x53C8;&#x4F1A;&#x628A;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5E26;&#x5230;&#x600E;&#x4E48;&#x6837;&#x7684;&#x4E16;&#x754C;? &#x601D;&#x8003;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x95EE;&#x9898;, &#x4F60;&#x4F1A;&#x53D1;&#x73B0;CS&#x7684;&#x4E16;&#x754C;&#x6709;&#x592A;&#x591A;&#x503C;&#x5F97;&#x63A2;&#x7D22;&#x7684;&#x5730;&#x65B9;&#x4E86;.</p>
<p><div class="panel"><div class="lab">&#x6E29;&#x99A8;&#x63D0;&#x793A;</div><div class="word-in-panel"><p>PA3&#x5230;&#x6B64;&#x7ED3;&#x675F;. &#x8BF7;&#x4F60;&#x7F16;&#x5199;&#x597D;&#x5B9E;&#x9A8C;&#x62A5;&#x544A;(&#x4E0D;&#x8981;&#x5FD8;&#x8BB0;&#x5728;&#x5B9E;&#x9A8C;&#x62A5;&#x544A;&#x4E2D;&#x56DE;&#x7B54;&#x5FC5;&#x7B54;&#x9898;), &#x7136;&#x540E;&#x628A;&#x547D;&#x540D;&#x4E3A; <code>&#x5B66;&#x53F7;.pdf</code> &#x7684;&#x5B9E;&#x9A8C;&#x62A5;&#x544A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x653E;&#x7F6E;&#x5728;&#x5DE5;&#x7A0B;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x4E0B;, &#x6267;&#x884C; <code>make submit</code> &#x5BF9;&#x5DE5;&#x7A0B;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x6253;&#x5305;, &#x6700;&#x540E;&#x5C06;&#x538B;&#x7F29;&#x5305;&#x63D0;&#x4EA4;&#x5230;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x7F51;&#x7AD9;.</p>
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